摘要
为明确孕穗期低温对小麦生理生化特性和产量的影响,以‘小偃22’等5个冬小麦品种为材料,对其在低温(2±1)℃胁迫下叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标进行测定,并测定单株产量.结果表明:(1)与对照相比,低温胁迫24 h和48 h后,供试品种叶片SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性、MDA含量、相对电导率、可溶性糖含量和脯氨酸含量均显著增加,而可溶性蛋白含量显著降低.(2)低温胁迫使各品种单株籽粒产量和单株穗粒数显著下降,但对小穗数和千粒重的影响不大.(3)经隶属函数分析,‘小偃22’、‘矮抗58’和‘西农509’属于抗寒性较强的品种,而‘郑麦9023’和‘郑麦366’为抗寒性较弱的品种,这与它们在试验中的籽粒产量表现相符.研究发现,与抗寒性弱的小麦品种相比,抗寒性强的品种在相同低温下具有相对较高的保护酶活性、较强的渗透调节物质积累能力和较低的质膜破坏程度,这是其在低温胁迫后能维持较高产量的生理基础.
Abstract
This paper aims at probing the effect of low temperature stress at booting stage of winter wheat on its physiological and biochemical characteristics and grain yield.‘Xiaoyan 22’ and other 4 cultivars were taken as tested materials.The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,peroxidase (POD) activity,catalase (CAT) activity,relative conductivity,MDA content,the soluble sugar content,the soluble protein content and the proline content were investigated after different time treatments (0 h,24 h,48 h),and the grain yield of 5 tested cultivars were also investigated.The results showed that:(1)After being chilled for 24 and another 24 hours,compared with the contrast,the SOD activity,POD activity,CAT activity,MDA content,relative conductivity,soluble sugar and proline contents increased significantly in the both chilled leaves;while the soluble protein content decreased significantly.(2)Low temperature stress at booting stage significantly decreased grain yield and the number of grain per ear,but the effects on the number of spike and 1000-grain weight was less significant.(3)Based on fuzzy mathematics method,‘ Xiaoyan 22 ’,‘ Aikang 58 ’ and ‘Xinong 509’ belong to high cold resistance group,and the other 2 cultivars,‘Zhengmai 9023’ and ‘Zhengmai 366’,belong to low cold resistance group.Which is accordance with the production in this experiment.Compared with low resistance wheat cultivars,the high cold resistance wheat cultivars showed higher antioxidation enzymes,lower negative effects on the cellular membranes,and higher osmotic adjustment,which may be the major physiological traits to have a relatively higher production after the low temperature stress.
基金项目
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划重点项目(2013JZ007)
农业部948项目(2013-Z28)
西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金()
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
维普
万方数据