摘要
为考察不同干燥条件下灰枣品质差异,筛选合适的制干温度、时间,为灰枣热风干燥提供基础理论数据和技术参考,研究以采后灰枣为试材,测定不同干燥温度(45 ℃、55 ℃、65 ℃、75 ℃)、不同干燥时间(4 h、6 h、8 h)下灰枣外观品质及内在品质等相关指标,并综合评价制干果实的品质.结果表明,(1)在45 ℃、55 ℃、65 ℃处理4～6 h下灰枣表皮颜色较亮、内部褐变不明显、感官评价得分较高、果实纵横径差异不大,而随着干燥温度升高和时间延长,灰枣果实的表皮颜色慢慢由明到暗,红色褪去,黄色变深及皱缩现象明显、内部褐变较严重.(2)在65 ℃、75 ℃持续处理6～8 h条件下,灰枣制干黄酮、总酚、可溶性糖、可滴定酸含量较高,但65 ℃/8 h、75 ℃/6 h、75 ℃/8 h处理下表皮颜色、内部褐变、感官评价、果形指数指标表现较差.(3)通过主成分分析综合得出采后灰枣最佳烘干温度和时间为45 ℃/4 h.
Abstract
In order to investigate the quality difference of Hui jujube under different drying conditions,screen suitable drying temperature and time,and provide basic theoretical data and technical reference for hot air drying of Hui jujube,we used post harvest Hui jujube as test material in this study.The appear-ance quality and internal quality of jujube were measured under different drying temperature(45 ℃,55 ℃,65 ℃,75 ℃)and different drying time(4 h,6 h,8 h),and the quality of dried fruit was evaluated comprehensively.The results showed that,(1)under treatment at 45 ℃,55 ℃ and 65 ℃ for 4-6 h,the skin color was brighter,the internal browning was not obvious,the sensory evaluation score was higher,and the vertical and horizontal diameter of the fruit was little affected.However,with the increase of dr-ying temperature and the extension of drying time,the skin color of the fruit gradually changed from bright to dark,and the red color faded.The yellow color became darker and creased obviously,the inter-nal browning was more serious,and the taste and flavor became worse.(2)The contents of dried fla-vonoids,total phenols,soluble sugars and titratable acids were higher under the conditions of continuous treatment at 65℃ and 75 C for 6-8 h,but the lower epidermal color,internal non-browning,sensory evaluation and fruit shape index were poor under the conditions of 65 ℃/8 h,75 ℃/6 h and 75 ℃/8 h.(3)The best drying temperature and time of postharvest Hui jujube was 45 ℃/4 h through principal compo-nent analysis.
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1000404)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30)
中央引导地方科技发展专项()
新疆维吾尔自治区红枣产业技术体系建设项目(XJCYTX-01)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据