Physiological response of sunflowers to broomrape parasitism and analysis of the key metabolic pathways
[Objective]To study the physiological response of sunflowers to broomrape parasitism and the related metabolic pathways,as well as understanding the molecular mechanism of sunflower resistance to broomrape parasitism.[Methods]The broomrape-resisant(s41)and-sensitive(s26)sunflowers were used as the testing materials.Transcriptome analysis of 4 samples under the condition of parasitic stress was carried out,and physiological verification analysis of key metabolites was carried out.[Results](1)Under inoculation,the plant height and root number of susceptible materials were affected significantly,and some of them were even unearthed,while the resistant materials had no obvious changes,and only a few were parasitized.(2)The number of DEGs was 6 362,6 609,5 490 and 5 469 by screening the differ-ential genes among the samples.GO analysis showed that the four comparison groups,namely s26-s41,s26CK-s41CK,s26-s26CK,and s41-s41CK,had the most differential genes in biological processes,followed by cellular components,and less in molecular functions.KEGG analysis showed that infection had a great in-fluence on plant signal transduction,biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,lipid metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and sugar metabolism in sunflowers.(3)Physiological analyses found that the phenylalanine deaminase,cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase,glutathione,total phenols,and salicylic acid showed an up-ward trend,indicating that the stress tolerant system was activated under parasitism.However,the trend of the physiological indicators of the sensitive and tolerant materials were different.Also,the genes con-trolling the physiological responses were differentially expressed.[Conclusion]It was found that inocula-tion with broomrape significantly affected the plant height and root volume of the susceptible materials,while the resistant materials were not affected.The resistant materials were enhanced in root lignin syn-thesis,antioxidant enzyme activity,and the expression of key genes of phenylpropanoid metabolism,sali-cylic acid and signaling pathway,and hence increased the resistance to broomrape.
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