宁夏'赤霞珠'葡萄不同发育期晚霜冻害阈值试验研究

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中文摘要：[目的]葡萄霜冻温度阈值是葡萄霜冻监测、预测、评估与防御的基础.对贺兰山东麓主栽酿酒葡萄'赤霞珠'不同发育期低温忍耐力进行研究分析,建立葡萄霜冻温度阈值体系,旨为贺兰山东麓地区酿酒葡萄霜冻预测、防御提供理论依据.[方法]于2022年4-5月采用野外霜冻试验箱原位试验方法对贺兰山东麓主栽酿酒葡萄品种'赤霞珠'不同发育期绒球、芽、新叶、新梢进行低温处理,测定其过冷却点、相对电导率(REC)及半致死温度(LT50),同时对低温胁迫后的受冻指数进行田间跟踪调查,利用受冻率与低温建立关系模型,计算不同发育期轻、中、重度受冻温度阈值.对不同发育期过冷却点、半致死温度(LT50)及霜冻指标温度阈值进行综合分析,确定不同发育期霜冻温度阈值.[结果]不同低温对'赤霞珠'绒球期、芽开放期、展叶期和新梢生长期的影响程度不同,温度越低,各发育期的受冻率越大;随发育进程推进,'赤霞珠'过冷却点温度、半致死温度逐渐升高;绒球期的低温耐受性最强,芽开放期、展叶期次之,新梢生长期最弱.[结论]-7.70 ℃是绒球期重度受冻的起始温度;芽开放期遭受重度霜冻的临界温度为-4.49 ℃;展叶期在-2.79 ℃即遭受不可逆伤害;新梢生长期出现-1.62 ℃以下的低温会造成严重的霜冻.

外文标题：Study on the threshold of late frost damage of 'Cabernet Sauvignon'grape at different developmental stages in Ningxia

外文摘要：[Objective]Frost temperature thresholds of grape are the basis for frost monitoring,prediction,assessment,and prevention.The study investigated the low-temperature tolerance of the main wine grape'Cabernet Sauvignon'at different development stages in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain,and further established a system of frost temperature thresholds for wine grapes.The study aimed to provide the basis for frost prediction and prevention of wine grapes in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain.[Methods]We used a field frost chamber to treat the pompom,bud,new leaves,and new shoots of the main wine grape variety'Cabernet Sauvignon'at different developmental stages under low temperature in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain during the period of April to May 2022.The supercooling point,relative electrical conductivity(REC),and semi-lethal temperature(LT50)were measured.Field survey on frozen ratio under low temperature treatment was carried out.A regression model based on the correlation between frozen ratio and low temperature was set up to calculate the critical temperatures for light,moderate,and severe frost at different development stages of the wine grape.The above mentioned indicators at the temperature of frost were analyzed to determine the frost temperature thresholds at differ-ent development stages of'Cabernet Sauvignon'.[Results]Low temperature had different effects on'Cabernet Sauvignon'during the pompom,bud opening,leaf spreading,and new shoot growth stages.The lower the temperature,the higher the frost exposure rate in each development stage.The supercoo-ling point and the semi-lethal temperature(LT50)were gradually increased with the development of the wine grapes.Low temperature tolerance in the pompom stage was the strongest and followed in the bud opening and leaf spreading stages.The tolerance of new shoot growth stage was the weakest.[Conclusion]-7.70 ℃ was the turning point for severe frost at the pompom stage,while the critical temperature of bud opening stage was-4.49 ℃.Temperature lower than-2.79 ℃ at the leaf spreading stage caused ir-reversible damage to the wine grape.Furthermore,below-1.62 ℃ in the new shoot growth stage caused severe frost.

外文关键词：

'Cabernet Sauvignon'grapebudding stagefrost temperature thresholdsupercooling pointsemi-lethal temperaturein situ testfield frost chamber

作者：

梁小娟、张晓煜、杨永娥、马梦瑶、张志伟

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作者单位：

宁夏大学葡萄酒与园艺学院,银川 750021

中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室银川 750002

宁夏气象科学研究所,银川 750002

关键词：

'赤霞珠'葡萄萌芽期霜冻温度阈值过冷却点半致死温度原位试验野外霜冻试验箱

基金：

中央引导地方科技发展专项项目宁夏自治区重点研发计划项目宁夏自治区重点研发计划项目

项目编号：

2022FRD050102022BBF02014NXNYYZ202101-02

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.7606/j.issn.1000-4025.20230624

西北植物学报

西北农林科技大学,陕西省植物学会

西北植物学报

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：1.031

ISSN：1000-4025

年,卷(期)：2024.44(3)

参考文献量37