The Impact of Neighborhood Environment on Residents'Subjective Well-Being in Low-Income Communities:A Mixed-Methods-Based Study
Neighborhood environment in good quality has a critical role in boosting residents'subjective well-being.Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory provides an idea and a framework for analyzing the impact of urban renewal on residents'subjective well-being.In order to determine the relative importance of neighborhood environment factors in influencing residents'subjective well-being and to highlight how they vary across neighborhood types,the paper selected four different types of low-income communities in Xi'an,including two renewable communities and two unrenewable communities,and used a combination of in-depth interviews and Gradient Boosting Decision Trees(GBDT)to presents a thorough analysis of the relative importance of neighborhood environment for predicting residents'subjective well-being.It is found that:Residents'subjective well-being was significantly influenced by neighborhood environment,with the social environment contributing more than the built environment.In addition,the contribution of community environment to predicting residents'subjective well-being varied significantly across different types of low-income neighborhoods.On the one hand,the impact of the local social environment to the subjective well-being of people varied significantly across different types of communities.The most important social environment variable affecting the subjective well-being of residents of work-unit yard and redeveloped community was sense of community belonging,while social integration was the most important social environment variable affecting the subjective well-being of residents of urban village and shantytown.On the other hand,social environment scores and residents'subjective well-being levels were lower in the renewed neighborhoods than in the unrenovated neighborhoods,and the contribution of social environment to subjective well-being was stronger.This suggests that the process of urban renewal requires not only improving the physical environment,but also paying attention to the original social relations and social structure of the community.This study offers insights into strategies that promote the development of happy communities and improve the subjective well-being of inhabitants in low-income neighborhoods.
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