Robust Optimal Dispatch of Microgrid Considering Flexible Loads and Step Carbon Trading
In this paper,a two-stage robust optimization meth-od is proposed to address the uncertainties in renewable energy output and carbon emissions in microgrids under the low-car-bon back-ground.Our method is a two-phase robust optimal method incorporating both the step carbon trading mechanism and the flexible loads which participate in the regulation.A step carbon trading mechanism was introduced into the dispatch model to limit the carbon emissions of the system and com-pensate for the power shortage caused by the renewable energy output fluctuations through the regulation of flexible loads,fur-ther reducing the carbon emissions and dispatch costs of the mi-crogrid.In addition,the uncertain parameter was incorporated into the model to adjust the conservativeness of the system.In the day-ahead stage,a scheduling plan was formulated based on the forecast data and worst scenarios that the system may suf-fer from within a day.In the intra-day stage,the sub-optimiza-tion was provided based on the day-ahead scheduling plan;an intra-day control scheme of the system was further presented for worst-case scenario.The scheduling model was solved us-ing the nested C&CG algorithm.The simulation results of the example demonstrate that,on average,the total dispatch cost of the robust optimization method was reduced by 3.1％com-pared with that of the deterministic optimization method.The inclusion of the carbon trading mechanism resulted in a 17.7％reduction in carbon emissions and a 3.7％decrease in the total operating cost of the system in a single day.With the considera-tion of the flexible loads which participate in the dispatch,the carbon emissions and total dispatch cost of the system in a single day operation were reduced by 26％and 24.3％,respect-ively,compared to those without flexible loads.The effective-ness of the optimization model proposed in this paper is thus verified.
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