The Emergence,Development and Significance of"Gongxue"in China:A Macro-Historical Perspective
Born in the 1898 reform period,"gongxue"(or,public schools)was a new type of education institution(usually tertia-ry colleges,but also include secondary schools)that had existed in late Qing and early Republican China for about 50 years.Influ-ential"gongxue"include"Nanyang gongxue",a half-public,half-private college founded in Shanghai,"Zhongguo gongxue",founded by students returning home from study abroad in Japan,and"Shaanbei gongxue",founded by the Communist Party of Chi-na in Yan'an,the political guidance center for the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.Built to edu-cate the general public and serve the public interest,"gongxue"offered inclusive education and practical,hands-on learning to eve-ryone.From a macro-historical perspective,"gongxue"were also quite significant,since they had helped transform and modernize China's higher education via carrying forward the enduring legacy of"shuyuan"(or,Academies of Classical Learning in ancient China)and learning from the Western educational tradition at the same time.
macro-history"gongxue""Shaanbei gongxue"the publicmodernization of higher education
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