EU Sanctions against Russia Following the Ukraine Crisis and the Impacts
Since the Ukraine crisis broke out in February 2022,the EU has issued 12 packages of sanctions against Russia.In terms of its evolution,it has mainly experienced three stages:rapid escalation,highlighting restrictions in the energy sectors,and cracking down on sanctions evasion.EU sanctions against Russia mainly target finance,energy,transport,trade,technology,and other industries.The scales and strengths of such sanctions against Russia have escalated;key areas and development trends of sanctions are extending to the third parties.EU sanctions against Russia not only have direct impacts on Russia,but also have complex impacts on the EU itself.However,the effectiveness of EU sanctions against Russia is increasingly limited,mainly due to the internal constraints of the EU and the weakness caused by its energy predicament,Russia's economic and social resilience,and Russia's appropriate responses to sanctions.
the Ukraine crisisEU sanctions against RussiaEU-Russia relationsmajor power relations
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