This review outlines the definition of oily wastewater,various forms of oil in wastewater,oil-water separation technology,and the advancements in oil-absorbing materials.The oil-water separation technologies encompass physical separation,chemical separation,physicochemical separation,and a combination of these methods.Various oil-water separation techniques'fundamental principles,processes,and features are expounded.It is found through a comprehensive comparative analysis that appropriate oil-water separation technologies should be selected based on the properties and forms of oil products in oil-containing wastewater,while also taking into account economic benefits.A combination of technologies is the emerging trend in oil-water separation.The development of oil-water separation technology in the future is suggested to focus on research and development of high-performance low cost separation materials and oil-water separation equipment.
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