Compared to transition and main group metals,rare earth metals possess oxygen affinity,and their complexes often exhibit high Lewis acidity.Rare earth ions have large and variable coordination numbers,diverse coordination modes,and are more prone to form complex multinuclear structures.These advantages have led to the widespread application of rare earth-based metal catalysts.In this regard,the progress on rare earth-based catalysts in catalytic fixation of carbon dioxide can be summarized in three aspects:the reduction of CO2 to low-carbon species,the chemical fixation of CO2 with organic molecules to form cyclic carbonates,and the copolymerization of CO2 with epoxides to produce polycarbonates.
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