This work summarizes the low-carbon microbial coupled electrochemical wastewater treatment technology,and highlights its progress in environmental benefit,economic benefit,and the recovery of valuable resources.Through diverse types of microbiology,and application environment of electrochemical anode and cathode,this technology can realize the re-utilization of pollutants,the production of high-value chemicals and the cooperative treatment of N-containing and P-containing pollutants.This work aims to provide insights and references for the development and application of low-carbon and energy-efficient technologies in wastewater treatment.