摘要
通过一步法合成了AA-AlCl3、NMA-AlCl3、DMA-AlCl3 类离子液体催化剂.利用拉曼光谱仪、紫外-可见光谱仪、红外光谱仪、核磁氢谱仪、凝胶色谱仪、高温气相色谱仪等对类离子液体催化剂及其合成的聚α-烯烃基础油(PAO)进行表征分析.结果表明,双齿配位的NMA-AlCl3 具有适宜的酸性,其催化聚合的较优条件为n(NMA)∶n(AlCl3)=1∶2、催化剂质量分数为 1%、反应温度为120℃、反应时间为 60 min,可得到产率为 87%、色度为 0、凝点低于-60℃、黏度指数为 135、多分散指数(PDI)=1.3、100℃运动黏度为 4.3 mm2/s的低黏度基础油.与市售PAO4 基础油进行摩擦性能对比发现,聚合产品磨斑直径比市售PAO4 降低了 13%,说明其除具有优异的理化性能外,还具有良好的减摩抗磨性能.
Abstract
Ionic liquid analogues catalysts such as AA-AlCl3,NMA-AlCl3 and DMA-AlCl3 are synthesized via one-step method.Raman spectroscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,infrared spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectroscopy,gel chromatography,and high-temperature gas chromatography are employed to characterize and analyze these ionic liquid catalysts and the synthesized polyalpha-olefin(PAO)base oil products over these catalysts.Results show that double-tooth coordinated NMA-AlCl3 has a suitable acidity,over which the optimal conditions for catalytic polymerization are as follows:n(NMA)∶n(AlCl3)=1∶2,the catalyst dosage is 1wt%,the reaction temperature is 120℃,and the reaction time is 60 min.Under these conditions,the yield of PAO base oil prepared is around 87%,the chromaticity is 0,the freezing point is less than-60℃,the viscosity index is 135,the polydispersity index(PDI)is 1.3,and the kinematic viscosity is 4.3 mm2's-1 at 100℃.Compared with the friction properties of commercial PAO4 base oil,it is found that the grinding spot diameter of the prepared PAO is 13%lower than that of commercial PAO4,indicating that it has good anti-wear properties in addition to excellent physical and chemical properties.
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