摘要
目的 探讨基于自我调节常识模型的疾病感知干预方案在牙周炎患者中的应用效果.方法 采用便利抽样法,于2022年8-10月选取山西医科大学第一医院口腔门诊就诊的86例牙周炎患者为研究对象,按照就诊时间分为对照组(n=42)和干预组(n=44).对照组实施常规护理措施,干预组在进行常规护理措施的基础上实施基于自我调节常识模型的疾病感知干预方案.在干预前及干预6、12周后比较两组患者的疾病感知、应对方式、口腔保健自我效能以及牙周临床指标等情况.结果 干预6、12周后,干预组的简易疾病感知问卷得分低于对照组(P＜0.05);干预组的医学应对方式问卷面对维度得分高于对照组(P＜0.05),回避、屈服维度得分均低于对照组(P＜0.05);口腔保健自我效能量表得分高于对照组(P＜0.05);牙周临床指标(菌斑指数、软垢指数和牙石指数)得分低于对照组(P＜0.05).除两组患者医学应对方式问卷面对维度得分的组间效应差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)外,两组患者的简易疾病感知问卷得分、医学应对方式问卷各维度得分、口腔保健自我效能量表得分及牙周临床指标(菌斑指数、软垢指数和牙石指数)得分均存在组间效应、时间效应、交互效应,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 基于自我调节常识模型的干预方案能够改善患者的疾病感知情况、转变其应对方式、增强口腔保健自我效能,从而进一步改善牙周健康状况.
Abstract
Objective To explore the effects of a disease perception intervention program based on the common sense model of self-regulation(CMS)in patients with periodontitis.Methods A total of 86 periodontitis patients visiting the dental outpatient clinic of The Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from August to October 2022 were selected by convenience sampling and divided into a control group(n=42)and an intervention group(n=44)according to the time of visit.Patients in the control group received routine nursing care,while patients in the intervention group received the CMS-based disease perception intervention program and routine nursing care.The changes in disease perception,coping styles,oral health self-efficacy,and periodontal clinical indicators of patients in both groups were compared before and after 6 and 12 weeks of intervention.Results After 6 and 12 weeks of intervention,the scores of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire(BIPQ)in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the scores in coping dimension of the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire(MCMQ)were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05),the scores in avoidance or yielding dimension of MCMQ were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the scores of the Self-efficacy Scale for Self-care(SESS)were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the scores of periodontal clinical indicators(plaque index,debris index,and calculus index)were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Except for the between-group effect of coping dimension of MCMQ,which was not statistically significant(P＞0.05),the differences in the group effect,time effect,and interaction effect of the BIPQ scores,MCMQ scores,SESS scores,and periodontal clinical indicators(plaque index,debris index,and calculus index)between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusions The CMS-based intervention program can improve patients'disease perception,transform their coping styles,and enhance oral health self-efficacy,further improving their periodontal health status.
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