Animal models of femoral bone defects:preparation status and characteristics
周世博 1关健斌 1俞兴 2赵赫 2杨永栋 2刘涛1
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作者信息
1. 北京中医药大学第一临床医学院,北京市 100029
2. 北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京市 100070
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摘要
背景:骨缺损的修复及后期临床转归仍是临床研究中的热点和难点,是困扰临床医师的常见问题.构建合适、可重复性及无限接近临床的动物实验模型及科学的评估对进一步的临床治疗相关疾病至关重要.目的:回顾性分析文献中股骨骨缺损常用实验动物模型制备方法及不同模型特点,评估优势与不足,为相关研究者选择合适的股骨骨缺损动物模型提供一定的参考.方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Medline数据库及CNKI数据库,设定英文检索词为:bone defect,bone,bones,defect,defects,defective,animal model,animal,model,laboratory,laboratory animal,animal laboratory;中文检索词为:骨缺损,动物模型,实验.检索时限为2000-01-01/2022-08-01.结果与结论:①对入选的27篇随机对照动物实验进行了分析和评估,实验动物包含大鼠、小鼠、新西兰兔及羊,骨缺损类型主要包含圆柱形骨缺损和节段性截骨骨缺损,部位以股骨中段及远端居多.多用于评估骨修复材料、药物、载药活性物质及物理治疗等方法对骨缺损修复的影响及缺损愈合机制研究,尤其是负重骨缺损修复机制的研究.②不同缺损类型及不同实验动物股骨骨缺损值的范围不同,研究者可结合实验目的,选择合适的动物及骨缺损类型,并设置合理的骨缺损值.③目前的研究表明,股骨骨缺损模型以圆柱形及节段截骨骨缺损为主,主要是在股骨远端及中段,手术方法及术后处理较为成熟,可操作性强,能够提供成熟的实验动物模型.④就圆柱形骨缺损而言,大鼠及新西兰兔更适合,而节段性截骨则无特殊要求,各种动物均能满足实验要求.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:The repair and clinical outcome of bone defects remains a hot and difficult area of clinical research,which is a common problem that plagues clinicians.Constructing suitable,reproducible and infinitely close to clinical animal experimental models and their scientific evaluation are essential for further clinical treatment of related diseases.OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the preparation methods and characteristics of common animal models of femoral bone defects and to assess their strengths and weaknesses,thereby providing some reference for relevant researchers to select appropriate animal models of femoral bone defects.METHODS:PubMed,Web of Science,Medline,and CNKI were retrieved for relevant literature published from January 1,2000 to August 1,2022.The keywords were"bone defect,bone,bones,defect,defects,defective,animal model,animal,model,laboratory,laboratory animal,animal laboratory"in English and"bone defect,animal model,experiment"in Chinese.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Twenty-seven randomized controlled animal experiments involving rats,mice,New Zealand rabbits,and sheep were included,analyzed and assessed.The most common types of bone defects were cylindrical bone defects and segmental osteotomy bone defects,generally found in the middle and distal femur.These models are mostly used to evaluate the effects of bone repair materials,drugs,drug-loaded active substances and physical therapy on bone defect repair and explore defect healing mechanisms,particularly the weight-bearing bone defect repair mechanism.Different defect kinds and femoral bone defect ranges have been found in different animal experiments.Researchers can select the suitable animal model and bone defect type based on the goal of the experiment and then set an acceptable bone defect value.Current studies have shown that cylindrical and segmental osteotomy-induced bone defects,mainly in the distal and middle femur,are mostly used in the animal models of femoral bone defects and that the surgical methods and postoperative management are more mature and operable to provide mature experimental animal models.In terms of cylindrical bone defects,rats and New Zealand rabbits are more suitable,whereas segmental osteotomy has no special requirements and all types of animals can meet the experimental requirements.
关键词
股骨/骨缺损/动物模型/评估/临界性骨缺损
Key words
femur/bone defect/animal model/assessment/critical-size bone defect
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