摘要
背景:微机器人具有体积小、灵活、靶向性强等特点,可以在狭窄的环境下通过单体或集群的方式完成复杂的工作.随着材料、制备工艺以及驱动方式的不断优化,其在生物医学领域内显示出越来越重要的应用价值.目的:分析场驱动微机器人在生物医学领域的应用并展望其应用前景.方法:以"微机器人,纳米机器人,驱动,生物医学,医疗"为中文关键词,以"microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical"为英文关键词,分别检索万方以及PubMed数据库,检索时间范围重点为2010年1月至2024年1月,同时纳入少数远期文献.通过阅读文题、摘要初步筛选,排除重复性研究、低质量期刊以及与内容不相关的文献,阅读全文后最终纳入66篇文献进行综述.结果与结论:场驱动医疗微机器人涵盖了磁、光、热、超声及多种混合因素驱动机器人.场驱动机器人已被应用于肠道诊断、药物靶向治疗及干细胞治疗等多个领域.尽管医用微机器人在临床医学中已有少数应用,但大多数还处于理论和实验阶段.医用微机器人的未来面临诸多挑战,如实现大规模制备、进一步提升精确控制、解决回收或体内降解问题,以及所用材料是否会对人体产生不良反应等,此外微机器人还需与相应的微创医学手术相配合.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Micro-robots have the characteristics of small size,flexibility,and strong targeting,and can complete complex tasks in a single or clustered manner in a narrow environment.With the continuous optimization of materials,preparation processes,and driving approaches,they have shown increasingly important application value in the field of biomedicine.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the application of field-driven micro-robots in medical field and to look forward to their application prospect.METHODS:Using"microrobots,nanorobots,drivers,biomedical,medical"as Chinese keywords and"microrobots,micro-robots,nanorobots,micromachine,microswimmer,medical"as English keywords,WanFang Data and PubMed databases were searched,respectively.The search time range was from January 2010 to January 2024,and a small number of long-term articles were included.Through reading the titles and preliminarily screening the abstracts,the repetitive studies,low-quality journals,and irrelevant literature were excluded.After reading the entire text,66 papers were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Field-driven medical micro-robots mainly include magnetic,optical,thermal,ultrasonic,and multi-mixed factor-driven robots.Field-driven robots have been used in intestinal diagnosis,drug targeting therapy,and stem cell therapy.Medical micro-robots are currently only used in a small number of clinical applications,but most of which are still in the theoretical and experimental stages.Medical micro-robots will face many challenges in future,such as large-scale preparation,precise control of micro-robots,recycling or degradation in vivo,whether the materials used will cause adverse reactions to the human body,and the related minimally invasive medical procedures.
基金项目
重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyjmsxmX0360)
重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyjmsxmX0707)
重庆市教委科学技术项目(KJZD-K202301503)
重庆市教委科学技术项目(KJQN202101534)
重庆市高等教育学会2023-2024年度高等教育科学研究课题(cqgj23114C)
维普
万方数据