背景:铜作为一种机体生长与发展所必需的微量元素,参与机体氧化还原、能量生成、信号转导及骨代谢等许多过程.在糖尿病患者体内铜稳态的失衡会导致氧化应激的升高和抗氧化机制受损,刺激炎症递质和炎症因子的生成,从而导致细胞毒性及机体受损.近年来,铜在糖尿病中发挥的作用备受关注,也有研究证实铜在糖尿病的病理进程中起着关键的调节作用.目的:概述当前铜元素在糖尿病系统性并发症中作用的研究进展,为其今后的研究和治疗提供参考依据.方法:由第一作者在PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网和万方数据库中检索建库至2024年5月有关铜元素在糖尿病系统性并发症中作用的文献,中文检索词为"铜,糖尿病,糖尿病并发症,糖尿病心肌病,糖尿病肾病,糖尿病视网膜病,糖尿病性骨质疏松,糖尿病牙周炎";英文检索词为"copper,Cu,diabetes,diabetic complications,diabetic cardiomyopathy,diabetic nephropathy,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic osteoporosis,diabetic periodontitis".筛选后纳入95篇文献进行综述.结果与结论:①铜元素参与糖尿病并发症的发生发展过程,铜元素对机体的损伤多为干扰机体氧化还原水平而导致;②在糖尿病心肌病中,体循环中Cu2+增加而心肌细胞对铜离子摄取障碍,具有氧化还原活性的Cu2+以及铜蓝蛋白在心肌细胞外的积累诱导心肌细胞铜氧化应激,导致急性心功能损害;③在糖尿病肾病中,过量铜元素的毒性作用可导致肾小管上皮细胞的颗粒状变性和空泡变性,近端小管坏死,最终导致慢性或急性肾功能衰竭;④糖尿病患者体内过量的铜可以产生活性氧,直接或间接影响具有抗氧化功能的铜蛋白功能,从而损伤视网膜细胞;⑤在糖尿病性骨质疏松患者中,体内蓄积的铜元素诱导脂质过氧化,干扰骨代谢,铜主要通过抑制超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和碱性磷酸酶活性来影响成骨细胞的作用;⑥过量铜元素会促进炎症反应来加重牙周组织炎症变化.
Copper influences the occurrence and development of diabetic complications
BACKGROUND:As an essential trace element for body growth and development,copper participates in many processes such as redox process,energy generation,signal transduction and bone metabolism.The imbalance of copper homeostasis in diabetic patients will lead to the increase of oxidative stress and the impairment of antioxidant mechanism,which stimulate the production of inflammatory mediators and inflammatory factors,and thus lead to cytotoxicity and body damage.In recent years,the role of copper in diabetes has gradually attracted attention,and some studies have confirmed that copper plays a key regulatory role in the pathological process of diabetes.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current progress in the role of copper in systemic complications of diabetes and provide some theoretical reference for its future research and treatment.METHODS:The first author searched PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI and WanFang databases for literature related to the role of copper in systemic complications of diabetes.The search terms were"copper,Cu,diabetes,diabetic complications,diabetic cardiomyopathy,diabetic nephropathy,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic osteoporosis,diabetic periodontitis"in English and Chinese,respectively.After screening,95 articles were included in the review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Copper is involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic complications and most of the damage caused by copper to the body is due to interference with the body's redox level.(2)In diabetic cardiomyopathy,increased Cu2+in the corpuscular circulation and impaired uptake of copper ions by cardiomyocytes,the accumulation of redox-active Cu2+and ceruloplasmin outside the cardiomyocyte induces copper oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes,leading to acute cardiac impairment.(3)In diabetic nephropathy,the toxic effect of excessive copper leads cause granular degeneration and vacuolar degeneration of renal tubular epithelial cells and proximal tubular necrosis,eventually leading to chronic or acute renal failure.(4)Excessive copper in diabetic patients can produce reactive oxygen species and directly or indirectly affect the function of copper protein with antioxidant function,thus damaging retinal cells.(5)In patients with diabetic osteoporosis,accumulated copper induces lipid peroxidation and interferes with bone metabolism.Copper acts on osteoblasts mainly through inhibition of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,and alkaline phosphatase activities.(6)Excessive copper exacerbates inflammatory changes in periodontal tissue by promoting inflammatory responses.
type 2 diabetesdiabetic complicationcopperdiabetic cardiomyopathydiabetic nephropathydiabetic retinopathydiabetic osteoporosisdiabetic periodontitis
万方数据
维普
