Study on the manufacturing and adhesive properties of biomineralization modified peek
Objective To investigate the effect of hydroxyapatite(HAp)modification on the surface activity and adhesive properties of biologically inert polyether ether ketone(PEEK).Methods The specimens were randomly divided into three groups(n=30/group)according to the different surface treatments:the PEEK group,the SPEEK group(acid etching of PEEK with 98％H2SO4)and the HAp-SPEEK group(preparation of HAp coatings on the surface of SPEEK by enzymatic reaction).Each group was further randomly divided equally into two groups according to whether aging was performed or not.SEM and XPS were used to observe the micro-morphology and elemental composition of the specimen surfaces before and after different treatments,X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD)analyses the chemical composition and crystal structure of the coating,and Fourier infrared spectroscopy detection analyses the chemical groups of the coating.Water contact angle and three-point bending tests were used to analyse the physicochemical properties of the materials.Adhesive properties were evaluated by SBS test,and biocompatibility was analysed by CCK-8 and cell live-dead staining.Results The results showed that the HAp-SPEEK group and SPEEK group could improve the surface morphology and hydrophilicity of poly(ether ether ketone)to a certain extent,and there was no significant effect on the flexural strength of PEEK(P＞0.05).The XPS results of the HAp-SPEEK group showed the successful introduction of Ca and P elements on the surface of the material,its XRD detected the characteristic peaks of hydroxyapatite,and its FT-IR reveals the characteristic absorption peaks of PO43-and O-H on hydroxyapatite,so the above tests proved the successful preparation of HAp coatings on PEEK surfaces.The SBS results showed that the adhesive strength of HAp-SPEEK group was significantly enhanced compared with that of SPEEK group and PEEK group(P＜0.05).SPEEK group showed a significant enhancement in bond strength compared to the SPEEK and PEEK groups(P＜0.05),and the SBS values of the specimens in each group decreased after the human aging cycle treatment.Under the in-body microscope,no cohesive damage pattern was observed in each group,and the fracture pattern of the specimens in the HAp-SPEEK group had a larger proportion of mixed fracture.The biocompatibility of the specimens in each group before and after treatment showed good performance,and the HAp-SPEEK group showed the best cell proliferation activity(P＜0.05).Conclusion HAp coatings can effectively improve the physicochemical properties,bonding performance and biocompatibility of PEEK,and promote the bonding efficacy between polymer restorative materials and abutments.
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