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露天矿含水间隔装药的爆破抑尘效果研究

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钻爆工序在整个露天矿生产环节中产生的粉尘量比重最大,为了从源头降低爆破作业产生的粉尘量,通过研究爆破粉尘的产生机理及粉尘的粒径分布和逸散规律,并结合含水条件下炮孔应力变化理论,探讨水间隔爆破的抑尘效果.以某露天矿为背景,合理地建立试验及监测方案,设置4个不同装药结构的爆区,爆破后监测不同时间、不同中心距离下的粉尘浓度变化,根据污染点源扩散方程分析数据,对比含水、无水情况下及含水条件下不同装药结构的抑尘效果.结果表明,含有间隔水柱的炮孔爆区产生的粉尘浓度比干炮孔爆区平均降低了约50%,其中水柱位于炮孔顶部和底部时,降尘效果最为明显,粉尘强度约为干炮孔的57%.
Study on Effect of Blasting Dust Suppression with Water-bearing Interval Charge in Open-pit Mine
In order to reduce the amount of dust produced by blasting operation from the source,the dust suppression effect of water interval blasting is discussed by studying the production mechanism of blast-ing dust,its particle size distribution and dispersion law,and combining with the theory of hole stress change under water condition.Based on an open pit mine as the background,a reasonable test and monitor-ing scheme was established,four blasting zones with different charge structures were set up,and dust con-centration changes at different time and center distance were monitored after blasting.Data were analyzed ac-cording to the pollution point source diffusion equation,and dust suppression effects of different charge structures under water,no water and water conditions were compared.The results show that the dust concen-tration in the blasting area with water column is about 50%lower than that in the dry blasting area.When the water column is located at the top and bottom of the hole,the dust removal effect is the most obvious,and the dust intensity is about 57%of that in the dry hole.

interval chargewater-containing blastingopen-pit minedust concentrationdust reduc-tion effect

李小龙、王金海、吴健康、杜建磊、向何锋

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北方爆破科技有限公司

安徽江南化工股份有限公司

长江存储科技有限责任公司

间隔装药 含水爆破 露天矿 粉尘浓度 抑尘效果

2024

现代矿业
中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司

现代矿业

影响因子:0.33
ISSN:1674-6082
年,卷(期):2024.40(1)
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