Development and Prospect of Tunnel Support Structure Design Theory and Method in China
Since the construction of the Shiqiuling Railway Tunnel,the first tunnel of China,in 1888,the develop-ment of tunnel support structure design theory and method in China has gone through the stages of inception,explo-ration,development,and innovation.The classification of tunnel surrounding rock has evolved from a qualitative method based on a single indicator to a comprehensive method based on multiple indicators.The concept of tunnel surrounding rock pressure has developed from collapse load to deformation pressure.The calculation method for the internal forces of tunnel support structures has evolved from the"loadstructure"method,which did not consider the resistance of surrounding rock,to the"load-structure"and"stratum-structure"methods that take into account the resistance of surrounding rock.The safety check calculation of tunnel support structures has developed from the al-lowable stress method and the damaged stage method to the probabilistic limit state method based on reliability theory.Overall,the theory and method of tunnel support structure design have gradually shifted from empirical analogy de-sign and standard design methods to semi-quantitative and fully quantitative analytical design methods,with develop-ment towards informatization and intelligence.This paper systematically reviews the development history regarding the construction of tunnel engineering,classification of tunnel surrounding rock,calculation methods for the internal forces of tunnel support structures,and safety check methods in China,summarizes the technical breakthroughs in tunnel support structure design theory and method at each stage,and looks forward to the intelligent design methods of tunnel support structures centered on active support.
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