Experimental Study on the Impact of Sunshades at Urban Tunnel Entrances on Driver's Visual Load
To study the visual load characteristics of drivers at tunnel entrances and the impact of sunshades on visual load,real vehicle experiments were conducted at Xiang'an Tunnel(with the sunshade)and Jiaozhou Bay Tunnel(without the sunshade).Parameters such as pupil area,fixation duration,saccade amplitude,and blink frequency were collected for comparative analysis.A visual load intensity evaluation model for drivers at tunnel entrances was established based on the factor analysis to determine the visual load intensities at the entrances of the two tunnels.The study shows that,compared to tunnels without sunshades,the pupil area,the mean change rate of pupil area,the fixation duration,and the mean saccade amplitude of drivers in tunnels with sunshades are all smaller.As drivers enter the tunnel,the pupil areas gradually increase.The increase in blink frequency fluctuates significantly in tunnels without sunshades,while it changes more smoothly in tunnels with sunshades.Sunshades can reduce the visual load value by 51.85%,which is beneficial for improving the visual load of drivers in the tunnel entrance area(including the adjacent section of the sunshade,the sunshade section,and the tunnel entrance section).
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