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中国古代盲人音乐教育述论

Observations on Music Education for the Blind in Ancient China

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人类出现必有残疾人伴生,盲人是残疾类别中尤为痛苦的弱势社群,却因听音辨乐的自然优势,能得天独厚地融入大千世界.中国最早的残疾人专业教育正从盲人音乐教育发轫,"上三代"是"官办"盲人音乐的发达时期.先秦以降,礼崩乐坏,官方瞽目乐师体制停废,官办盲人音乐教育机构无存.延至晚清,盲乐人更多转入并存续于民间,他们是华夏古乐文化一脉相传的承继光大者.但,中国古代的盲人音乐教育与近代特殊教育仍有时代差别,它只是制度化特殊教育的前奏曲目和古典形态.古代盲人音乐教育的近代转型,是古今中外文明交流互鉴的结果,带来中国特殊音乐教育与时俱进的丰沛内容和无限发展空间.
The emergence of human beings must be accompanied by persons with disabilities.The blind are a particularly painful and disadvantaged group of persons with disabilities,but they are uniquely able to integrate into the world because of their natural advantage of listening to music and recognizing it.The earliest professional education for persons with disabilities in China started from music education for the blind,and the"last three generations"was a period of development of"government-run"music for the blind.After the pre-Qin period,the rites and music of the Chinese government fell into disrepair,the official gaze musician system was abolished,and there were no government-run music education institutions for the blind.In the late Qing Dynasty,more blind musicians were transferred to the private sector,and they were the inheritors of the ancient Chinese music culture.However,music education for the blind in ancient China is still different from modern special education.It is only the prelude and classical form of institutionalized special education.The modern transformation of ancient music education for the blind is the result of the exchange and mutual learning between ancient and modern Chinese and foreign civilizations,which has brought about abundant content and unlimited development space for Chinese special music education to keep pace with the times.

ancient timesthe blindmusic educationtransformation

郭卫东、马建强

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北京大学历史学系(北京,100871)

南京特殊教育师范学院(南京,210038)

古代 盲人 音乐教育 转型

国家社会科学基金重大项目

21&ZD221

2024

现代特殊教育
江苏教育报刊总社

现代特殊教育

影响因子:0.14
ISSN:1004-8014
年,卷(期):2024.(4)
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