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面向叙事的考古发掘登记资料的语义关联模型构建研究

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[目的]为保证考古发掘登记资料知识的可共享性,促进人文学科的知识融通,以多维度语义分解的叙事逻辑分析为基础,通过构建本体模型,实现考古发掘登记资料知识的多元关联组合和多维叙事展示,促进数字人文方法在考古发掘成果整理中的应用.[方法]对考古发掘登记资料中的知识结构与叙事逻辑进行详细梳理和分析,确定本体构建方案;调研文化遗产领域中流行的CIDOC CRM本体模型及其扩展的CRM本体族,确定相关本体的可复用性;然后,从考古学遗址、遗迹、遗物三个子域对相关知识进行语义对应,确定实体类;最后,以考古发掘登记资料中的叙事逻辑表示为目标,确定各实体类的对象属性和数据属性,实现本体模型构建.[结果]结合新疆哈密焉不拉克墓地的考古发掘登记资料,实现遗址与考古发掘活动的语义关联,探索了具有知识挖掘价值的墓葬遗迹、出土遗物的拓展性语义关联方法,形成一系列叙事展示.[局限]焉不拉克墓地的资料虽具代表性,但遗址规模较小,实际应用场景的复杂性可能更高.[结论]本文构建的语义关联模型可从知识单元层面实现符合考古学学科知识结构和叙事逻辑的知识表示.
Constructing Semantic Association Model for Narrative-Oriented Archaeological Excavation Data
[Objective]This paper aims to ensure the shareability of knowledge in Archaeological Excavation Data(AED)and promote knowledge integration across humanity disciplines.It constructs an ontology model based on narrative logic analysis of multi-dimensional semantic decomposition to achieve a multi-dimensional associative combination and narrative representation of AED knowledge.[Methods]Firstly,we thoroughly analyzed the knowledge structure and narrative logic within AED to determine a plan for ontology construction.Secondly,we examined the widely-used CIDOC CRM ontology model and its expanded CRM ontology family in cultural heritage to assess the reusability of related ontology.Thirdly,we semantically aligned the knowledge from archaeological sites,remains,and relics to define entity classes.Finally,targeting the narrative logic in AED,we determined each entity class's object and data properties to construct the ontology model.[Results]Using the AED data from the Yanbulake cemetery in Hami,Xinjiang,we identified the semantic association between the site and archaeological excavation activities.It also explored extensive semantic association methods for burial relics and unearthed artifacts with knowledge-mining value,resulting in a series of narrative displays.[Limitations]Although the data from the Yanbulake cemetery is representative,the site is relatively small,and the complexity of actual application scenarios may be higher.[Conclusions]The semantic association model constructed in this paper can achieve knowledge representation that aligns with the archaeological data's knowledge structure and narrative logic at the knowledge unit level.

OntologySemantic AssociationCIDOC CRMArchaeological Excavation DataNarrative

韩牧哲、高劲松、方晓印、李帅珂、孙艳玲、李钰

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江苏大学科技信息研究所 镇江 212013

华中师范大学信息管理学院 武汉 430079

四川大学考古文博学院 成都 610225

本体 语义关联 CIDOC CRM 考古发掘登记资料 叙事

教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金国家社会科学基金青年项目

22YJA87000823CTQ038

2024

数据分析与知识发现
中国科学院文献情报中心

数据分析与知识发现

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心EI
影响因子:1.452
ISSN:2096-3467
年,卷(期):2024.8(5)
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