A retrospective analysis and Mendelian randomization study on gesta-tional diabetes mellitus and genitourinary tract infections during preg-nancy
Objective To evaluate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and genitourinary tract infec-tions during pregnancy(GUTIs)through retrospective analysis and Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods A retro-spective analysis was conducted on 7 751 pregnant women who underwent prenatal check-ups and delivered between 2020 and 2022,comparing the rates of GUTIs between women with GDM and those without.Additionally,data from genome-wide association studies(GWAS)were selected,and the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method was employed as the primary analytical approach,supplemented by weighted median(WM),weighted mode(WM),and MR-Egger regression methods.Sensitivity analyses were performed using MR-Egger regression,Cochran's Q test,and leave-one-out analysis to investigate the causal relationship between GDM and GUTIs.Results Both univariate chi-square tests(P=2.2×10-16)and multivariate stepwise logistic regression analyses(P=2×10-16)revealed a significant correlation between GDM and GUTIs.The two-sample MR study further confirmed a significant association between the two(IVW:β=0.211,P=0.013).The MR-Egger regression method did not indicate significant horizontal pleiotropy(P=0.813),and leave-one-out analysis and Cochran's Q test showed no significant heterogeneity among all SNPs(P=0.876,P=0.938).Conclusion The presence of GDM may increase the risk of GUTIs.Effective screening and management of GDM patients could help reduce and prevent GUTIs.
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