摘要
目的 本研究旨在通过网络分析探讨社区老年人群抑郁、焦虑、睡眠障碍和孤独感症状之间的关系,并探索网络结构与核心症状在不同性别间的差异.方法 采用方便抽样对四川省成都市社区老年人的抑郁、焦虑、睡眠障碍和孤独感的症状进行调查,有效样本共1 325例.采用网络分析、中心性分析及其稳健性分析研究疾病症状之间的关联,此外,对不同性别亚组的老年人的网络差异进行分析.结果 社区老年人网络最核心症状依次为"疲惫""睡眠问题""情绪低落""被冷落"(Z≥ 1).不同性别亚组的网络结构和网络连接强度的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但男性"情绪低落"的中介中心性高于女性(P＜0.05),"紧张"的强度中心性低于女性(P＜0.001).结论 疾病症状的网络结构有助于深入理解老年人心理健康问题的机制及疾病之间的关系,建议社区卫生服务中心重点预防和缓解老年人的疲惫感,并关注睡眠问题、情绪低落和被冷落感,以更好地提升整体心理健康.
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationships among symptoms of depression,anxiety,sleep disorders,and feelings of loneliness in a community-dwelling elderly population through network analysis,and to investigate the differences in network structure and core symptoms between genders.Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to survey 1 325 elderly individuals in Chengdu,Sichuan Province,regarding their symptoms of depression,anxiety,sleep disorders,and loneliness.Network analysis,centrality analysis,and robustness analysis were conducted to examine the associations among the symptoms.Additionally,differences in the network among subgroups by gender were analyzed.Results The most central symptoms in the network of community elderly were identified as"fatigue","sleep problems","low mood",and"feeling neglected"(Z ≥ 1).No statistically significant differences were found in the network structure and connection strength between different gender subgroups(P＞0.05).However,the mediating centrality of"low mood"was higher in males than in females(P＜0.05),while the strength centrality of"tension"was lower in males than in females(P＜0.001).Conclusion The network structure of disease symptoms aids in understanding the mechanisms of mental health issues among the elderly and the relationships between different conditions.It is recommended that community health service centers focus on preventing and alleviating feelings of fatigue among the elderly,while also addressing their sleep issues,low mood,and feelings of neglect to enhance overall mental health.
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