Study on the distribution characteristics of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported infections in Hunan Province in 2023
Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of HIV strain subtypes among newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023,and to understand the molecular epidemiological patterns of HIV strains in the region.Methods Blood samples were collected from 539 newly reported HIV-infected individuals in Hunan Province in 2023.RNA was extracted,and the pol gene region was amplified using nested PCR.Subtype identification and recombination analysis were performed using phylogenetic trees and online tools.Results A total of 490 valid sequences were obtained,predominantly from males(77.55％,380/490),Han ethnicity(90.20％,442/490),heterosexual transmission(72.04％,353/490),and individuals aged over 60(33.47％,164/490).The transmitted drug resistance(TDR)rate was 7.76％,with the majority of TDR mutations occurring in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs).Sixteen subtypes were detected,with CRF07_BC(41.22％,202/490)being the most prevalent,followed by CRF01_AE(31.84％,156/490),CRF08_BC(8.98％,44/490),CRF55_01B(4.29％,21/490),B(4.29％,21/490),CRF85_BC(2.45％,12/490),C(1.84％,9/490),and unique recombinant forms(URF)(2.04％,10/490).The CRF07_BC subtype included two subclusters:07_BC_MSM(52.97％,107/202)and 07_BC_other(47.03％,95/202).Seven subclusters of CRF01_AE were identified,with the C1 subcluster being the most prevalent(45.51％,71/156).Unique recombinant forms(URF)were most frequently reported in Changsha(40.00％,4/10),primarily among young individuals engaging in homosexual transmission(80.00％,8/10);CRF85_BC was most frequently reported in Shaoyang(91.67％,11/12),primarily among older individuals involved in non-marital commercial heterosexual transmission(58.33％,7/12).Conclusion The distribution of subtypes in Hunan Province is diverse,showing certain changes compared to past regional distributions and compositions,with the emergence of some new recombinant subtypes.Local monitoring of HIV subtypes should be further strengthened.
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