Objective This study aims to investigate the selection intention of nursing interns and their influencing fac-tors,providing a scientific basis for nursing human resource management in hospitals and departments.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey A questionnaire survey was conducted concerning the selection inten-tion on departments and influencing factors of intern nurses from several tertiary hospitals affiliated to three medical universities from July 2022 to December 2023.General data investigation and self-developed scales were employed,and descriptive analysis,chi-square test and other statistical methods were used to analyze the differences in department selection and related influencing factors among nursing interns.Results Analysis of 652 valid questionnaires revealed that surgery(65.80%)and operating room(38.84%)were the most preferred departments for nursing interns.The primary influencing factors included the working environment and equipment of the department(54.60%),as well as its cohesion and cultural atmosphere(51.53%).Pediat-rics(51.23%)and infectious medicine(48.77%)were found to be less favored by nursing interns.Their main concerns re-volved around work-related risks and population characteristics of patients(67.02%),along with work pressure and labor intensi-ty(65.49%).Epidemic factors have an impact on the attitudes and expectations of nursing interns towards their future practice(P<0.01).Conclusion The choice of departments by nursing interns is influenced by various environmental,societal and personal factors;primarily based on departmental environment quality and team culture atmosphere considerations.During the in-ternship,nursing interns require more professional education guidance from both hospital administration and individual depart-ments in order to make informed career choices and plans.