Objective:To analyze the hospital expenses after DRG payment in a cancer hospital,evaluate the implementation effect of DRG payment reform,and provide references for further improving the DRG grouping mechanism and strengthening the hospital's refined management.Method:The implementation effect of DRG payment reform was evaluated by the changes of actual post-payment average cost,cost composition and case portfolio index(CMI),and the relevant data were statistically analyzed by t test and non-parametric test.Result:After the reform,the average medical cost per hospitalization decreased.The proportion of cost components including medication,material,examination,and surgery costs has decreased,while the proportion of treatment costs has increased.The overall disease structure adjustment of the hospital has led to an increase in the proportion of patients admitted to the surgical group,a decrease in the internal medicine group,an increasc in enrollment rate and CMI,and a decrease in the cost consumption index.Conclusion:DRG payment can encourage hospitals to strengthen internal management,control medical expenses,and adjust the structure of admitted diseases.In the internal management of hospitals,it is necessary to continuously optimize the cost structure and further increase the proportion of surgical and treatment expenses that reflect the value of labor.The medical insurance department should continuously improve the grouping mechanism,strengthen support for new technologies,and promote the healthy development of medical institutions.