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长江口日本鳗鲡苗种资源保护与可持续利用研究

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开展长江口日本鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)苗种资源保护与可持续利用研究对于日本鳗鲡的保护和养殖产业发展具有重要现实意义.通过查阅文献资料、汇总渔业数据和实地调研座谈等方法,基于联合国粮食及农业组织和《中国渔业统计年鉴》相关数据,指出全球和中国的日本鳗鲡苗种资源都呈现衰退趋势,全球日本鳗鲡捕捞量从最高峰的超3 000 t下降至如今的100余吨;长江口邻近水域的日本鳗鲡苗种捕捞量由2004年的24 t下降至当前的不足10 t.日本鳗鲡资源衰退的主要原因有水质污染、水利工程建设等.近年来,随着日本鳗鲡相关资源保护法规的颁布施行,日本鳗鲡苗种资源保护体制逐渐得到完善.最后,提出了推进长江口日本鳗鲡苗种资源保护和可持续利用的3方面建议:一是加强执法监管、控制捕捞强度;二是减少水域污染、开展亲体增殖;三是推进入工繁殖、强化资源监测.
Study on the conservation and sustainable utilization management of Auguilla japonica fry resources in the Yangtze River Estuary
Research on the conservation and sustainable utilization of Anguilla japonica fry resources in the Yangtze River Estuary is of great practical significance for the conservation of A.japonica and the development of its aquaculture industry.Based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)and China Fisheries Statistical Yearbook,the paper points out that A.japonica fry resources in both the world and China are showing a declining trend,with the global catch of A.japonica declining from more than 3 000 t in 2004 to more than 100 t nowadays;the catch of A.japonica fry in waters adjacent to the Yangtze River Estuary has declined from 24 t in 2004 to more than 10 t nowadays.The main reasons for the decline of A.japonica resources include water quality pollution and water conservancy construction.In recent years,with the enactment of regulations on A.japonica resource protection,the system of A.japonica fry resource protection has been gradually improved.Finally,three recommendations are made to promote the conservation and sustainable utilization of A.japonica fry resources in the Yangtze River Estuary:first,strengthening law enforcement and supervision and controlling the fishing intensity;second,reducing the pollution of the waters and carrying out parental proliferation;and third,promoting artificial reproduction and strengthening the monitoring of the resources.

Yangtze River EstuaryAnguilla japonicafry resourcessustainable utilization

王敏、胡望娇、冯广朋、庄平、赵峰、张涛、王思凯、杨刚

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中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海长江口渔业资源增殖和生态修复工程技术研究中心,上海 200090

长江口 日本鳗鲡 苗种资源 可持续利用

2024

渔业信息与战略
中国水产科学研究院 东海水产研究所

渔业信息与战略

影响因子:0.474
ISSN:2095-3666
年,卷(期):2024.39(3)