In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the toothed rail wheel of the shearer and reduce the occurrence rate of shearer failures.Analyzed the structural characteristics of the coal mining machine's tooth rail wheel and the causes of tooth rail wheel failure,and found that factors such as operating environment,tooth rail wheel material,tooth rail wheel structure design,and thermal processing are the main influencing factors of the failure of the coal mining machine's tooth rail wheel.Therefore,it is necessary to start from the above factors and scientifically carry out the prevention work of coal mining machine tooth rail wheel failure.By taking effective preventive measures,the probability of failure of the gear rail wheel of the coal mining machine can be reduced.