最初设计用于多径检测的信号质量监测(Signal Quality Monitoring,SQM)技术已被证明可用于识别欺骗攻击,具有简单结构和良好可行性,但是它容易受到噪声的影响,检测性能会明显下降.改进后的SQM的移动方差(Moving Variance,MV)和移动均值(Moving Average,MA)技术可以减少噪声的影响,增强SQM技术的欺骗检测能力,但是它们未考虑多颗卫星之间的联系.因此,本文利用多颗卫星之间的关联提出了一种新的增强 SQM技术来检测欺骗,可适用于更多的欺骗环境.众所周知,诱导式欺骗干扰同时攻击多颗卫星,而各颗卫星受到的诱导过程具有相似的特性,导致各颗卫星的跟踪环路中自相关函数(autocorrelation function,ACF)有着相似的畸变趋势,进而不同卫星间SQM幅值的变化是相似的.由于度量的相关性可以更好地反映这种相似性,本文将多颗卫星间SQM度量的相关性(correlation,Corr)作为检测欺骗发生的新度量.最后,推导了新算法的基本原理,证明了新度量服从高斯分布,然后,根据推导出的概率密度函数,给出了新算法的最优检测阈值.它的欺骗检测能力已经使用美国德州大学的欺骗数据集(Texas Spoofing Test Battery,TEXBAT)进行了验证,并与SQM的MV和MA进行了比较.结果表明,所提出的基于Corr的SQM方法在检测诱导式欺骗攻击方面是更有效的.
GNSS-induced Spoofing Detection Based on SQM Correlation
The originally designed Signal Quality Monitoring(SQM)technology for multipath detection has been effec-tive in identifying spoofing attacks for the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS).Traditional SQM techniques di-rectly use amplitude metrics to monitor spoofing attacks,and they have simple structures and good feasibility.However,they are susceptible to noise,resulting in a significant decrease in detection performance.The improved SQM tech-nique,incorporating the Moving Variance(MV)and Moving Average(MA),reduces the impact of noise and enhances the spoofing detection capability of SQM.Nevertheless,these techniques do not consider the correlation among multiple satellites.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel enhanced SQM technique that utilizes the inter-satellite correlation to detect spoofing,making it applicable in various spoofing environments.Inducing spoofing interference is widely consid-ered to simultaneously attack multiple satellites,and each satellite undergoes an induced process.Moreover,the induc-tion process of each satellite exhibits similar characteristics,resulting in similar distortions in the autocorrelation func-tion(ACF)of multiple satellite tracking loops.Consequently,the variations in the SQM amplitude among different sat-ellites are similar.Owing to the improved reflection of similarity through metric correlation,this paper introduces the correlation(Corr)of SQM metrics among multiple satellites as a novel measure for detecting spoofing occurrences.First,this article proposes an algorithm that utilizes the similarity in the induced spoofing process among multiple satel-lites,instead of treating spoofing attacks solely from the perspective of a single satellite.Second,a theoretical analysis shows that the new metric follows a Gaussian distribution in the absence of spoofing.The Neyman-Pearson(NP)hy-pothesis testing method is used to determine the optimal detection threshold,which determines whether the target re-ceiver is being spoofed.Finally,the spoofing detection capability of the new method is validated using the Texas Spoof-ing Test Battery(TEXBAT)and compared with the MV and MA of SQM.The results indicate that the SQM method based on Corr can detect GNSS-induced spoofing attacks more effectively.
GNSS spoofing detectioninduced spoofingsignal quality monitoringcorrelationinduced process
万方数据
维普
