Environmental and Health Risks in China's Rare Earth Industry Chain
Rare earth is an important strategic resource in China,and the healthy development of the rare earth industry is of great significance.Due to the extensive development and utilization mode of rare earth mining area resources,it has brought about serious ecological environment problems and human health risks.This paper summarizes the main pollution problems in the mining,smelting,and application stages of rare earth in China,summaries the pollution characteristics of different types of rare earths at each stage,analyses the differences in the health risks of rare earth development for different human,and makes recommendations for the prevention and control of risks in the development of the rare earth industry.It has been pointed out that the pollution characteristics of light rare earth mine development represented by the Bayan Obo rare earth mine are air pol-lution(dust,SO2,and gaseous fluoride),and there are great risks in the tailings reservoir.The main environmental problems caused by the development of ionic rare earth mines represented in Longnan County,Ganzhou City,are soil and groundwater acidification and ammonia nitrogen pollution.The health effects of occupational exposure of rare earth workers mainly include lung injury,pneumoconiosis,and radioactive radiation.Non-occupational exposure can seriously affect the growth and devel-opment of children.
rare earthindustry chainenvironmental and health risks
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