摘要
目的：研究维医异常黏液质证候大鼠模型甲状腺轴形态与功能的改变，探讨该证候发生、发展的内分泌机制。方法选用100只正常雄性 SD大鼠，选取其中10只为正常组，其余90只为造模组，在芫荽实＋菠菜实＋湿寒性环境的干预条件下建立异常黏液质证候模型，20 w后筛选出阳痿病证模型，将其余证候模型分为证候模型组、药物反证组，反证2w后，对其外周血中甲状腺轴相关激素进行检测，并在光镜和电镜下观察甲状腺轴的形态学变化。结果（1）证候模型组血清游离甲状腺素（free thyroxine，FT4）、四碘甲状腺原氨酸（thyroxine，T4）水平显著低于正常组（P ＜0．05），药物反证组 FT4和游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（free triiodothyronine，FT3）较证候模型组显著升高（P ＜0．05），其余各组间差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）。（2）下丘脑：正常组结构完好。证候模型组基质疏松，大部分细胞核深染均一；超微结构显示神经胶质细胞基质密度下降，内质网明显扩张，神经元核膜界线不清。药物反证组基质水肿明显减轻；超微结构可见神经胶质细胞基质密度均一，核型规则。（3）垂体：正常组结构完好。证候模型组基质疏松较轻，细胞轻度水肿；超微结构可见细胞排列紧密，胞质中有较多分泌颗粒，内质网扩张明显，线粒体空泡样变。药物反证组基质疏松明显改善；超微结构可见细胞排列紧密，核型规则，内质网扩张，少部分线粒体水肿。（4）甲状腺：正常组结构完好。证候模型组滤泡上皮细胞增生不明显，间质细胞增生；超微结构显示甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞呈立方形，游离面微绒毛较多且排列不整齐，细胞核形状不规则，基质密度下降，内质网扩有所扩张，线粒体数量减少。药物反证组间质细胞增生明显减轻；超微结构显示甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞呈扁平状或立方状，核呈椭圆形，基质密度升高，粗面内质网轻度扩张。结论维医异常黏液质证候大鼠模型甲状腺素水平降低，甲状腺轴形态学发生明显的改变，提示，甲状腺轴的功能改变在异常黏液质证的发生发展中发挥重要作用。
Abstract
Objective To study thyroid axis morphological variation of abmormal phlegmatic syndrome rat model treated by Uyghur medicine.Methods 100 healthy mature male SD rats were enrolled in the study, 10 of them were randomly chosen as the normal group;the remainder 90 were treated with spinach and coriander diet in a cold and humid environment until the model of abnormal phlegmatic syndrome was es-tablished.Rat biological characterization was observed about 20 weeks until establishment of abnormal phlegmatic syndrome model,then through APO erectile experiment and mating experiment,the rats were randomly divided into abnormal phlegmatic syndrome group and medication disproof group of abnormal phlegmatic syndrome. After 2 weeks counterevidence, we detected the level of thyroxine and morphological variation of hypothalamus,pituitary and thyroid.Results (1 )The thyroxine results:The FT4 and T4 level in abnormal phlegmatic syndrome group and medication disproof group were significantly lower than that in the normal group (P <0.05).(2)Morphological results:① Hypothalamus:no signifi-cant structural changes was found in control group.The matrix of abnormal phlegmatic syndrome group was loose, mild edema;ultrastructure showed, the matrix density of glial cell was decreased, mitochondria edema underwent changes in cavity,endoplasmic reticulum expanded,nuclear membrane of neurons was not blurry.Edema was obviously relieved in medication disproof group;ultrastructure showed that the matrix density of glial cell was uniform,karyotype was regular.② Pituitary:structure was nor-mal in control group.The matrix of abnormal phlegmatic syndrome group was loose,mild edema,endo-plasmic reticulum expanded,mitochondria underwent changes in cavity.The matrix of medication disproof group was obviously improved;ultrastructure showed cells closely packed,karyotype was regular,endo-plasmic reticulum expansion,only a small number of mitochondria were edema.③Thyroid:stucture was normal in normal control group.The proliferative follicular epithelial in syndrome model group is not obvi-ous, interstitial cell was hyperplasia;Ultrastructure showed thyroid follicular epithelial cells was cubiform,the microvilli was more than normal but not neat on the free surface,the nucleus shape was ir-regular,the matrix density decreased,endoplasmic reticulum expanded,and the in the number of mito-chondria was decreased.the interstitial cell hyperplasia significantly reduced in medication disproof group;Ultrastructure showed follicular epithelial cells was flat or cubic shape,cell nucleus was oval,the matrix density was higher,rough endoplasmic reticulum was mild expanded.Conclusion The thyroxine of abnor-mal phlegmatic syndrome rats were lower than that in the normal group and there were significant mor-phological changes of thyroid axis in abnormal phlegmatic syndrome model induced by Uygur medicine, suggesting that morphological changes of thyroid axis may be the histopathology basis of neuroendocrine changes.
NETL
NSTL
维普
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