Skin Safety and Exposure of Phenoxyethanol and Propyl Paraben Preservatives in Cosmetics
The skin safety and cutaneous exposure levels of phenoxyethanol and propyl paraben were evaluated using various experimental methods,which included the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)vascular assay,zebrafish embryo model,matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2)inhibition assay in cells,and ex vivo permeation test in porcine skin.The results of CAM demonstrated that both substances did not cause eye irritation at the mass fraction of 0.2%.The zebrafish model indicated that the two preservatives at concentrations of 0.01%did not significantly affect tail movement of zebrafish.Two preservatives with mass fractions of 0.1%and 0.01%respectively didn't significantly inhibit MMP-2.The ex vivo porcine skin permeation test showed that the cumulative permeation of propyl paraben was only 5%of that of phenoxyethanol.However,it resided significantly in the stratum corneum and dermis,with levels approximately 2.5 and 5.8 times higher than those of phenoxyethanol after 20 min of application.This study provides an evaluation method for the safe use of preservatives in cosmetics.
phenoxyethanolpropyl parabenpreservative safety assessmentex vivo permeation test in porcine skinresident amount in skin
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