摘要
为考察我国大学教师心理健康问题的基本情况,采用元分析方法对 2000 年至 2022 年发表的检出率研究进行综合分析.结果发现:(1)大学教师心理健康问题的检出率由高到低依次是睡眠问题(22.6%)、强迫问题(22.3%)、抑郁(21.3%)、焦虑(18.6%)、躯体化问题(15.3%)、偏执问题(14.1%)和敌对问题(14.0%).(2)出版年代、测量工具、学校类型和经济区域是影响大学教师心理健康问题的重要因素.具体而言,大学教师的焦虑问题随年代呈上升趋势;焦虑、抑郁和睡眠问题的检出率与所使用的测量工具密切相关;普通高校教师的心理健康问题发生率普遍高于高等职业学校教师;东部地区教师的焦虑和抑郁问题比中西部教师更严重.未来应开发专门针对大学教师心理健康问题的测查工具,增加对普通高校和东部地区高校教师的心理援助,遏制大学教师焦虑的蔓延趋势,实现教师心理健康水平的整体提升.
Abstract
To map out the basic situation of mental health problems among university teachers in China,a meta-analytic approach was used to synthesize and analyze the studies about the prevalence of mental health problems published from 2000 to 2022.The results found that:1)the prevalence of mental health problems among university teachers was,in descending order,sleep problems(22.6%),obsessive-compulsive(22.3%),depression(21.3%),anxiety(18.6%),somatization(15.3%),paranoia(14.1%),and hostility(14.0%).2)Publication age,measurement tools,school type,and economic region were significant factors influencing mental health problems among university teachers.Specifically,the anxiety of university teachers tended to deteriorate over the years.The prevalence of teachers'anxiety,depression and sleep problems was closely related to the measurement tools.The mental health problems of teachers in general universities were higher than those of teachers in vocational universities.Teachers in the eastern region had more serious anxiety and depression than those in the central and western regions.In the future,in order to achieve the overall improvement of teachers'mental health,more attention should be paid to teachers in general universities and in eastern region of China;also,it is necessary to develop the measurement tools specifically for teachers'mental health problems,and to curb the spread of teachers'anxiety.
基金项目
中国人民大学2022年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划()
NETL
NSTL
万方数据