The Disfluency Effect in Multimedia Learning:Balancing Cues and Fluency
The disfluency effect indicates that reducing the perceived fluency of learning materials can improve the multimedia learning effect.Recent research has found that adding cues,such as color labels,might affect the disfluency effect.The current study explored the relationship between cues and the disfluency effect in multimedia learning.Experiment 1 validated the disfluency effect in multimedia learning under an"appropriate"level of disfluency.Experiment 2 employed a 2(cues:yes,no)×2(fluency:fluent,disfluent)between-subjects design.The behavior and eye movements results showed that the processing fluency in the cues group was significantly higher than that in the no-cues group.Additionally,the disfluent group had longer fixation times and more fixations in the cue area.The cues moderated the influence of fluency on learning.The results indicate that adding cues can promote attention guidance for disfluent text,but it may inhibit processing of other content.It is noteworthy to balance the fluency and effectiveness of cues in design multimedia instructional materials.
multimedia learningcuesdisfluency effecteye movement
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