Progress in application and ecological toxicity of CuO-nanoparticles
[Background]CuO-nanoparticles(CuO-NPs)are a type of engineered nanomaterial(ENM),with characteristics such as low price,strong stability,high conductivity,high specific capacity,high surface energy,and large specific surface area.They show great potential in applications in the fields of electrochemistry,optoelectronics,energy technology,catalysis and biomedicine.Ecological exposure of CuO-NPs mainly comes from industrial wastewater irrigation and their application as a pesticide.With the further study of CuO-NPs,especially the mechanism of copper-dependent toxicity,more and more attention has been paid to their environmental safety and biocompatibility.[Progress]As a transition metal oxide,CuO has the unique properties of being superconducting at high temperature.CuO also exhibits high catalytic activity in numerous chemical reactions,making it a great replacement for precious metal catalysts.Compared with larger counterparts,nano-sized CuO with the particle size between 1-100 nm has more excellent physical and chemical properties,such as electrochemical and photoelectric effect,catalytic activity,and selectivity,offering it good potential for antibacterial and biomedical applications,resulting in widespread application.In industrial production,CuO-NPs are widely used in the fields of superconductivity,catalysis,glass ceramic dyeing and pesticides.They also have a broad prospect of application in electrode materials,optoelectronic components,antimicrobial agents,biosensors and tumor therapy.The interaction between CuO-NPs and the ecological environment and organisms has been elucidated in the past five years.CuO-NPs have different degrees of harmful effects on plants,animals,microorganisms and human health in the ecological environment,and their toxicity mainly depends on redox potential,particle uptake,intracellular release and dissolution of copper ions.With the in-depth research of CuO-NPs,especially the discovery of"Cuproptosis",which is the mechanism of copper-dependent toxicity,provides a new perspective for biocompatibility study of CuO-NPs.[Perspective]This paper reviews the toxic effects of CuO-NPs under different conditions.However,there are still some research gaps that need addressing to fully understand the ecotoxicity of CuO-NPs and their corresponding mechanisms.Firstly,CuO-NPs exposure conditions are not sufficiently characterized,including properties like particle size,surface modification,pH,temperature,and interaction patterns such as particle dissolution,particle agglomeration and particle precipitation.These characteristics are of great significance for the evaluation of CuO-NPs toxicity and the contrastive integration between results in different literatures.Secondly,current in vivo studies on CuO-NPs mainly focus on acute toxicity,and more attention should be given to the long-term and chronic effects of low concentrations of CuO-NPs in the future,as they would be more representative of the actual environment.Thirdly,relevant risk assessments under conditions consistent with the distribution,release,transformation and exposure of CuO-NPs in the real-world environment,production and life have important guiding significance.Finally,the interaction between different subcellular damage and toxicity mechanisms induced by CuO-NPs and the regulatory mechanisms of organisms maintaining homeostasis require further investigation.In the future,it is necessary to determine the environmental fate and biosafety dose of CuO-NPs to develop environmental standards for sustainable applications in different application environments.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普
