Objective To explore the curative effects and prognostic influencing factors of esmolol combined with diltiazem in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris,Methods A total of 126 patients suffering unstable angina pectoris to receive treatment in our hospital from Feb.2013 to Jul.2015 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group (esmolol + diltiazem;n=63) and a control group (dihiazem;n=63).The curative effects and the situations of angina pectoris before and after the treatment between the two groups were compared and the related factors influencing the prognosis were analyzed.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 91.91%,and that in the control group was 73.02%,with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).Before the treatment,the frequency and duration of angina pectoris,plasma viscosity and fibrinogen levels between the two groups had no significant difference (P > 0.05);after the treatment,the above indicators in the two groups significantly decreased,and the changes in the observation group were larger (P < 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Braunwald classification,frequency and duration of angina pectoris,CK-MB and cTnI were independent influencing factors for prognosis of unstable angina pectoris (P < 0.05).Conclusion Esmolol combined with diltiazem in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris has significant curative effects and can effectively alleviate the clinical symptoms;Braunwald classification,frequency and duration of angina pectoris,CK-MB and cTnI are independent influencing factors for prognosis of unstable angina pectoris.