Objective To detect the levels of serum monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and explore the diagnostic value of serum MCP-1 in patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis (LEAD).Methods The 163 patients selected as research subjects were divided into LEAD group and non-LEAD group according to the ankle brachial index (API) value.The levels of serum MCP-1 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the correlation with risk factors of LEAD was analyzed.ROC curve was drawn to analyze the value of serum MCP-1 in diagnosis on LEAD.Results The levels of serum MCP-1 in the LEAD group was significantly higher than that in the non-LEAD group (P < 0.05);the concentration of serum MCP-1 is positively correlated with the heart rate (HR),systolic blood pressure (SBP),and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) while negatively correlated with triglyceride(P < 0.05).The concentration of serum MCP-1 was taken as a diagnostic index of LEAD,the area under ROC curve was 0.801 (P < 0.05),and the critical point for diagnosis was 131.50 pg/ml.Conclusion The serum MCP-1 has moderate value in diagnosis on LEAD,and it can be considered as one of the biological indicators in diagnosis on LEAD.