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中国种业振兴:发展脉络、财政金融支持与破局之路

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种业是现代农业的"芯片",是国家基础性、战略性产业,也是我国积极应对百年变局、加快建设农业强国的重要举措.党的二十大报告和2024年中央一号文件明确指出,要深入实施并加快推进种业振兴行动.本文首先系统梳理了我国种业的发展历程、现状及趋势;其次识别分析了种业振兴的金融需求特点与我国财政金融服务种业发展现状,横向对比了国际上支持种业发展的做法与经验.在此基础上,本文提出种业振兴破局之路:坚持加强顶层设计与"摸着石头过河"相结合,加强财政金融协同配合,增强对种业核心科技的支持;为优势种企做大做强提供多渠道高质量精准金融服务;引导商业银行错位竞争,对不同规模的种企提供科技金融、普惠金融、绿色金融与数字金融服务等方面的差异化服务;加强配套政策支持,建立健全种业市场价值评估与风险分担机制.
Revitalization of China's Seed Industry:Development,Fiscal and Financial Support and Breakthroughs
Seed industry is the"chip"of modern agriculture,a national basic and strategic industry,and an important initiative for China to actively respond to the century-old situation and accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country.The report of the 20th Party Congress and the No.1 document of the Central Commit-tee in 2024 clearly pointed out that it is necessary to deeply implement and accelerate the revitalization of the seed industry.This paper firstly systematically sorted out the development history,status quo and trend of China's seed industry;secondly,it identified and analyzed the characteristics of the financial demand for the revitalization of the seed industry and the status quo of the development of China's fiscal and financial services for the seed industry,and horizontally compared the practices and experiences of the international support for the development of the seed industry.On this basis,this paper puts forward the path to revitalization of the seed industry:adhere to the combination of strengthening the top-level design and"crossing the river by feeling the stones",strengthen the fis-cal and financial synergies,and enhance the support for the core science and technology of the seed industry;pro-vide multi-channel,high-quality and precise financial services for advantageous seed enterprises to grow bigger and stronger;guide commercial banks to compete in providing differentiated services in science and technology fi-nance,inclusive finance,green finance and digital financial services for seed enterprises of different scales;and strengthen the supporting policy support,and set up a sound value assessing and risk sharing mechanism for the market of the seed industry.

seed industry revitalizationfood securityseed marketbiological breedingagricultural powerfiscal and financial support policiesscience and technology financenew quality productivity

张田、冯逸超、张瑞恒

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中国人民银行陕西省分行 陕西西安 710075

中国人民银行咸阳市分行 陕西咸阳 712000

种业振兴 粮食安全 种业市场 生物育种 农业强国 财政金融支持政策 科技金融 新质生产力

2024

西南金融
四川省金融学会

西南金融

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.821
ISSN:1009-4350
年,卷(期):2024.(5)
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