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甘薯新品种徐薯22肥料需求研究

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为促进高淀粉品种徐薯22在西南地区的种植,研究徐薯22在西南地区的肥料需求.在云南省玉溪市进行不同氮、钾肥用量试验,比较徐薯22生长发育特点、产量和经济效益.结果表明,地上部分茎叶鲜重随氮肥的增加而增加,而块根产量并没有随之增加但也没有降低,转化率也没有显著变化,显示徐薯22耐肥性较强;随着钾肥施用量的增加,块根产量随之增加,显示出钾肥在目前生产条件下的增产作用;缓释肥没有出现明显的增产效果,但可以减少施肥次数;氯化钾与硫酸钾对茎叶鲜重、块根产量的影响没有明显差别.试验显示,徐薯22的耐肥性较强,应注意加大施肥量,以施纯氮90~ 135 kg/hm2,氧化钾150 kg/hm2,五氧化二磷75 kg/hm2较为妥当;为获得较高产量,要注意后期施肥,用缓释肥可以减少施肥次数代替夹边肥;在甘薯生产中可以使用氯化钾作为钾肥使用.
Study on Fertilizer Demand of New Sweet Potato Variety ‘ Xushu 22’
For good benefit from production of high starch variety ‘ Xushu 22’ in southwest of China,the fertilizer demand was studied in this paper.The growth and yield of the cultivar ‘ Xushu 22’ with different quantity of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was evaluated.The results showed that the fresh weight of the stem was increased while the yield of the tuber was stable with the increase of nitrogen.It indicated the ‘ Xushu 22’ was a fertilizer tolerance variety.With the increase of the amount of potassium fertilizer,the root yield was increased.Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer could decrease the times of fertilization.The yield was same either potassium chloride or potassium sulphate.The recommended amount of the cultivar ‘ Xushu 22’ was N 90-135 kg/hm2,K2O 150 kg/hm2,P2O575 kg/hm2.The slow-release nitrogen fertilizer could be used instead of separately application of fertilizer,which was better than that of one-time applying with ordinary fertilizer.The potassium chloride could be used in sweet potato production instead of potassium sulphate.

YunnanSweet potatoXushu 22NFertilizerK fertilizerResearch

李明福、李鹏林、李洪民、徐宁生、王颖、李先平、徐慧清

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云南省玉溪农业职业技术学院,云南玉溪653100

南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095

中国农业科学院甘薯研究所/农业部甘薯生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏徐州221121

云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南昆明650205

云南省马铃薯工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650205

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云南 甘薯 徐薯22 氮肥 钾肥 试验研究

国家现代甘薯产业技术体系项目玉溪农职院学术带头人基金

CARS-11-B-13

2016

西南农业学报
四川,云南,贵州,广西,西藏及重庆省(区,市)农科院

西南农业学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.679
ISSN:1001-4829
年,卷(期):2016.29(11)
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