Characteristics of soil and water loss of natural and artificial vegetation under different rainfall patterns in ILi River Valley
[Objective]The study aimed to scientifically prevent and control the soil and water loss of grassland in the arid area of Northwest China and compare the runoff control effect of vegetation under different rainfall patterns.[Method]Based on the K-means classification method,13 rainfall events in the study area were divided into three categories in the soil and water conservation runoff field of Tiechanggou in Yining city during the rainy season from 2021 to 2022.The characteristics of runoff and sediment yield of five natural vegetations(Zygo-phyllum xanthoxylon,Ceratoides latens,Seriphidium transillense,Alhagi sparsifolia,Sophora alopecuroides)and three artificial vegetations(Ul-mus pumila,Amorpha fruticosa,Cynodon dactylon)were monitored.The law of runoff and sediment yield of vegetation under different rainfall patterns was discussed,and the influence of rainfall pattern and vegetation plot on runoff and sediment yield was analyzed by grey correlation degree.[Result](i)The dominant rainfall pattern of soil erosion in the ILi River Valley was(medium rainfall,short duration,medium rainfall intensity)B rainfall pattern,which contributed 53.5％to the runoff and sediment yield on the slope.The contribution rate of A rain type(low rainfall,long duration,low rainfall intensity)and C rain type(high rainfall,long duration,high rainfall intensity)was low.(ii)The runoff and sediment reduction benefit of natural vegetation was higher than that of artificial vegetation.The runoff and sediment reduction benefit of natural vegetation under A rain pattern was the best(87.3％-95.2％),and that of artificial vegetation under C rain pattern was the worst(39.2％-52.7％).(iii)Rainfall and average rainfall intensity significantly affected runoff depth and soil loss(P＜0.05).The order of grey correlation degree from large to small was S.transiliense＞S.alopecuroides＞Z.xanthoxylum＞A.fruticose＞A.sparsifolia＞C.dactylon＞U.pumila＞C.latens.[Conclusion]Vegetation restoration in the ILi River Valley can effectively reduce soil erosion.Under different rainfall patterns,the benefits of natural vegetation in reducing runoff and sediment are better than those of artificial vegetation.The benefits of single vegetation in reducing runoff and sediment are related to its coverage.The research results provide a theoretical basis for land greening,land desertification and soil erosion control in the arid region of Northwest China.
Rainfall typesSlope runoffVegetation restorationSoil and water lossGrey correlation degree
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