Effects of energy and protein levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemistry and metabolome of Jingyuan chickens
[Objective]This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different energy and protein levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical and metabolome of Jingyuan chickens during breeding period,and to provide evidence for determi-ning the appropriate dietary energy and protein levels of Jingyuan chickens during breeding period.[Method]A total of 540 7-week-old male Jingyuan chickens were divided into 9 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.2 factor ×3 levels were used to con-duct.Factor 1 was the dietary energy level,which was set as 11.28,11.70 and 12.12 MJ/kg in low,medium and high energy groups.Fac-tor 2 was the dietary protein level,which was set to 14.00％,15.50％and 17.00％.The experiment lasted for 77 days.[Result](i)Final weight,average daily gain,average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to gain were significantly affected by dietary energy and protein levels and their interactions(P＜0.05,the same as below).Final weight and average daily gain were the highest in medium energy-medium pro-tein group(ME-MP group),and the ratio of feed to gain was the lowest;The low energy-high protein group(LE-HP group)had the lowest average daily feed intake.(ii)Dietary energy level significantly affected breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate,and the breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate were the highest in medium energy group.The interaction of dietary energy and protein had significant effects on carcass rate and half evisceration rate,and the carcass rate,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate were the highest in medium energy-medium pro-tein group(ME-MP group).(iii)Dietary energy level significantly affected the urea content,and the urea content in the medium energy group was the lowest.Dietary protein level significantly affected blood glucose,and the high protein group had the highest blood glucose con-tent.The interaction between dietary energy and protein significantly affected serum total and albumin protein,and free fatty acid.The ser-um total protein content was the highest in the medium energy-medium protein group(ME-MP group),the serum albumin content was the highest in the high energy-high protein group(HE-HP group),and the free fatty acid content was the highest in the medium energy-high protein group(ME-HP group).(iv)A total of 16 metabolites with significant differences were screened through blood metabolomics analy-sis,mainly concentrated in[3-alanine metabolism,arachidonic acid metabolic pathway,phenylalanine,tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis,primary bile acid biosynthesis,valine,leucine,isoleucine degradation and other pathways.[Conclusion]Dietary energy and protein levels can significantly affect the growth performance and slaughter performance of male Jingyuan chickens at breeding period,which may be related to the regulation of serum biochemical indexes and metabolic pathways.The combination of energy and protein requirements indicates that the level of medium energy-medium protein is suitable for the nutritional requirements of male Jingyuan chickens at breeding period.The recom-mended levels are 11.70 MJ/kg and 15.50％protein.
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