Regulatory mechanism of nitrogen management in alleviating high-temperature premature aging in wheat through combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome
[Objective]The study was conducted to explore the molecular mechanism of foliar application of nitrogen to alleviate the premature senescence of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)caused by high temperature after anthesis.[Method]A single factor comparative experi-ment was conducted.Two treatments were set up:foliar spraying nitrogen(D20)and no n-spraying nitrogen(CK)before high temperature after anthesis of spring wheat.After spraying nitrogen,high temperature(35±2)℃ treatment was carried out for 3 consecutive days,and the time was 9:00-17:00.After the high temperature treatment,the soluble sugar,starch content and amylase activity of spring wheat flag leaves were measured,and the transcriptome and proteome of spring wheat flag leaves were sequenced.[Result]After high temperature treatment,the soluble sugar,amylose and amylopectin content and amylase activity of spring wheat flag leaf in D20 treatment were significantly higher than those in CK.The combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome showed that compared with CK,a total of 3441 differentially ex-pressed genes(DEGs)and 150 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were identified in the flag leaves of spring wheat under D20 treat-ment,including 23 associated differential factors,including 13 up-regulated genes and 10 down-regulated genes and 8 up-regulated proteins and 15 down-regulated proteins.There were 16 factors with consistent expression at the gene and protein levels,including 7 up-regulated fac-tors and 9 down-regulated factors.GO and KEGG enrichment found that thiamine metabolism,sucrose starch metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were up-regulated at the gene and protein levels.THI1 and bglx were up-regulated,thiamine content,soluble sugar,coumarin and lignin content were increased,and plant stress resistance was enhanced.Real-time quantitative PCR was performed on the differentially ex-pressed genes of flag leaf genes and proteins in spring wheat with the same expression trend.The results were consistent with transcriptome a-nalysis,and the differentially expressed genes were up-regulated in both.[Conclusion]Spraying nitrogen before high temperature treatment af-ter anthesis of spring wheat can regulate the expression patterns of genes and proteins related to thiamine metabolism,sucrose starch metabo-lism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,thereby alleviating premature senescence caused by high temperature after anthesis and increasing spring wheat yield.
Spring wheatFoliar nitrogen sprayHigh temperature after anthesisTranscriptomeProteome
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