Effects of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and biochar on photosynthesis characteristic,dry matter accumulation and yield of spring wheat
[Objective]The paper aimed to study the effects of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on SPAD value,photo-synthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,transport,grain filling rate and yield of spring wheat in irrigation area of northern Xinjiang,which provided a basis for rational application of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and combined application of biochar in irrigation area of northern Xinjiang and increasing yield and efficiency of farmland.[Method]In the study,the high-quality spring wheat variety'Xinchun 37'in Xinjiang was used as the test material,and a randomized block design was used,four nitrogen fertilizer levels were set up as non-nitro-gen fertilizer(N0∶0 kg/hm2),conventional nitrogen fertilizer(N1∶300 kg/hm2),nitrogen fertilizer reduction 15％(N2∶255 kg/hm2),ni-trogen fertilizer reduction 30％(N3∶210 kg/hm2);Two biochar levels were set up as non-biochar(B0∶0 kg/hm2)and biochar(B1∶20 × 103 kg/hm2),including 8 treatments as B0N0,B1N0,B0N1,B1N1,B0N2,B1N2,B0N3,B1N3;The SPAD value of flag leaf,photosynthetic indexes(net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,intercellular CO2 concentration),dry matter accumulation and transport during growth period,grain filling rate,yield and its composition of spring wheat were measured,to clarifing the effects of different a-mounts of nitrogen fertilizer and biochar on the growth of spring wheat.[Result]Compared with non-biochar and non-nitrogen fertilizer(B0N0),15％reduction of nitrogen fertilizer combined with biochar(B1N2)could significantly increased the SPAD value of flag leaf,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,dry matter accumulation and transport rate,grain filling rate and yield of spring wheat.Under the B1N2 treatment,the SPAD value increased by 13.17％-91.70％,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 17.42％-87.30％,the stomatal conductance increased by 16.00％-29.41％,and the transpiration rate increased by 25.35％-79.81％.At the ma-turity stage of spring wheat,the dry matter of grains increased by 28.87％,and the yield increased by 30.23％.[Conclusion]Appropriate a-mount of biochar 20 × 103 kg/hm2 and nitrogen fertilizer 255 kg/hm2(B1N2)can initially achieve the purpose of increasing spring wheat yield and reducing nitrogen fertilizer application,and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of scientific application strategies of nitro-gen fertilizer and biochar in farmland in northern Xinjiang irrigation area.
万方数据
维普
