Ecological network construction and typical regional optimization in karst areas:Taking Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture as an example
[Objective]The paper aimed to explore the methods of ecological network construction,typical area division and method of optimi-zing the overall network layout in karst region,so as to provide reference for the spatial layout and mode optimization of the integrated urban-rural development and ecological civilization construction in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture(Qianxinan Prefecture)in a ra-tional and orderly manner.[Method]The constraint factors were screened based on spatial principal component analysis to form a compre-hensive resistance surface.The method of morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA)and the model of minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)were used to identify important ecological corridor and ecological node and build ecological network to divide typical area.Combined with ecological fault points and ecological breakpoints,the suggestions for overall optimization of ecological network and partition control were put forward.[Result]Habitat patches in Qianxinan Prefecture showed obvious zoning variability,with the core area of 5908.81 km2,which was centrally and continuously distributed in the southeastern and southwestern regions of the study area,with high habitat quality.The northern and central regions were more distributed with banded cropland,which broke the spatial continuity of the forested land,resulting in more serious fragmentation of patches in the core area.A total of 44 ecological source sites with patch area larger than 1 km2 were identified based on MSPA.55 potential ecological corridors were generated based on the MCR model,with a total length of 2563.422 kilometers.43 ecological nodes were identified based on the ecological network construction of the ecological corridors.The ecological network was mainly distributed in the southeastern part of the study area.There were relatively few ecological sources in the central and northern parts of the study area,resulting in broken ecological corridors and a lack of channels for the exchange of material information between the northern and south-em regions.The study area was divided into 6 ecological typical areas and the targeted control strategies were proposed,with adding 26 new ecotourism spots,39 ecological breakpoints and 32 ecological fault points.The suggestions for optimizing overall layout of the ecological net-work were proposed.[Conclusion]The ecological network construction and typical regional optimization in Qianxinan Prefecture are condu-cive to the formation of a more continuous and complete ecological protection pattern and spatial network system,thus providing a scientific ecological network paradigm for the construction of ecological network in karst areas and a scientific strategy for the integrated development of urban and rural areas.
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