Effects of grass planting in apple orchard on photosynthetic characteristics of apple leaves and apple quality
[Objective]The study aimed to explore the effects of four weed populations on apple photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quali-ty formation,and screen out suitable grass for planting in Zhaotong orchards.[Method]We conducted a field experiment with Fuji apples and set orchard clear-cutting as the control,and explored the effects of Artemisia absinthium(Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC),Artemisia stel-late(Stellaria vestita Kurz.),Ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.)and White-flowered cheatgrass(Trifolium repens Linn)on the leaf chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality of the fruit trees.[Result]White-flowered cheatgrass treatment could increase leaf to-tal chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci),stomatal conductance(Gs)and carboxylation ef-ficiency(CE),while the water use efficiency(WUE)of the fruit trees was significantly reduced.The Artemisia absinthium treatment could increase leaf Gs and improve Ci to a certain extent,but it would reduce the total chlorophyll content and leaf CE.Artemisia stellate treatment could increase Ci and the total chlorophyll content as well as leaf transpiration rate(Tr)were reduced.Ryegrass treatment significantly in-creased WUE and CE,but significantly reduced Tr.Quality aspect,the various raw grass treatments increased fruit solids content by 0.88％-13.87％,reduced reducing sugar content by 2.30％-15.71％,increased total antioxidant capacity by 10.03％-40.92％,and the ryegrass treatment reduced hydrogen peroxide content by 41.80％and superoxide anion scavenging capacity by 12.92％,as compared to clear tillage.Using fuzzy membership function analysis,the comprehensive evaluation value of clear tillage,white clover,mugwort,stellaria and ryegrass were 0.4858,0.6044,0.5548,0.4894 and 0.6059,respectively.[Conclusion]Different weed populations can improve the photosynthetic capacity of fruit leaves and improve fruit quality to a certain extent.Scientific evaluation of four weed populations is beneficial to screen out more reasonable grass types in orchards.
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