Temporal and spatial characteristics and supply capacity enhancement strategies of grain industry in Beijing
[Objective]The paper aimed to analyze the production characteristics of the grain industry and studying the countermeasures to im-prove its supply capacity is of great significance to continuously improve Beijing's grain yield capacity,ensure the sustainable and healthy e-conomic and social development of the capital and make Beijing's contribution to the national food security.[Method]Based on statistical data and survey data,the production characteristics of the grain industry from four aspects including total grain yield,industrial structure,per unit yield and production efficiency were analyzed.The constraints on the development of Beijing's grain industry were discussed,and the strategies for improving the supply capacity of Beijing's grain industry were put forward.[Result](i)In the past 13 years,the sowing area and yield of grain crops in Beijing had shown a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.The proportion of grain production in Beijing to the national grain yield continued to decline,and the position and role of grain production need to be strengthened.(ii)The main grain varie-ties of corn,wheat and soybeans in Beijing ranked among the top three in terms of sowing area and yield.The main grain products were raw grains,and the overall consumption of grain was on the rise,with a low self-sufficiency rate of grain.(iii)The growth rate of grain yield per unit area in Beijing was relatively slow,but higher than the national average level and lower than the average yield per unit area of 13 major grain producing areas.There was further room for improvement in the yield per unit area of different crops.(iv)The income from grain culti-vation in Beijing was not high,and land rent and grain subsidies had a significant impact on the income of major grain growers.The income from grain cultivation in Beijing was lower than that of neighboring Hebei province,and the competitiveness of grain production was weak.[Conclusion]The main factors restricting grain production in Beijing include small and low-quality cultivated land,insufficient transformation of new grain varieties and technological achievements,lack of the entire industrial chain and weak integration of the three industries,and im-perfect industrial support policies.Therefore,in the context of ensuring food security,Beijing's food supply guarantee capacity should be en-hanced from four aspects:improving the quality of arable land,promoting innovation and technology integration of grain varieties,improving the grain industry chain,and optimizing grain industry policies.
万方数据
维普
