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Effects of virtual agents on interaction efficiency and environmental immersion in MR environments

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Background Physical entity interactions in mixed reality(MR)environments aim to harness human capabilities in manipulating physical objects,thereby enhancing virtual environment(VEs)functionality.In MR,a common strategy is to use virtual agents as substitutes for physical entities,balancing interaction efficiency with environmental immersion.However,the impact of virtual agent size and form on interaction performance remains unclear.Methods Two experiments were conducted to explore how virtual agent size and form affect interaction performance,immersion,and preference in MR environments.The first experiment assessed five virtual agent sizes(25%,50%,75%,100%,and 125%of physical size).The second experiment tested four types of frames(no frame,consistent frame,half frame,and surrounding frame)across all agent sizes.Participants,utilizing a head-mounted display,performed tasks involving moving cups,typing words,and using a mouse.They completed questionnaires assessing aspects such as the virtual environment effects,interaction effects,collision concerns,and preferences.Results Results from the first experiment revealed that agents matching physical object size produced the best overall performance.The second experiment demonstrated that consistent framing notably enhances interaction accuracy and speed but reduces immersion.To balance efficiency and immersion,frameless agents matching physical object sizes were deemed optimal.Conclusions Virtual agents matching physical entity sizes enhance user experience and interaction performance.Conversely,familiar frames from 2D interfaces detrimentally affect interaction and immersion in virtual spaces.This study provides valuable insights for the future development of MR systems.

Mixed realityVirtual agentsInteraction performanceEnvironmental immersionVirtual environments

Yihua BAO、Jie GUO、Dongdong WENG、Yue LIU、Zeyu TIAN

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Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China

Pengcheng Laboratory,Shenzhen 518038,China

2024

虚拟现实与智能硬件(中英文)

虚拟现实与智能硬件(中英文)

ISSN:
年,卷(期):2024.6(2)