Life Cycle Assessment of Recycling Methods for Retired Ternary Lithium Batteries
A life cycle assessment framework was developed to analyze the environmental impacts of recycling nickel-cobalt-manganese(NCM)and nickel-cobalt-aluminum(NCA)batteries using conventional hydrometallurgical technologies implemented in Chinese plants.The results show that the recycling of NCA batteries brings lower indicators of greenhouse benefits than that of NCM batteries,while its three indicators of freshwater eco-toxicity,human carcinogenicity toxicity,and marine eco-toxicity are higher than that of NCM batteries,and therefore the traditional hydrometallurgical method needs to be improved.The environmental impacts of the recycling process of both batteries are negative,and the environmental impacts are greatest at the beginning of the recycling process.The results of this study can provide a reference for power battery recycler to update their technology.
life cycle assessmentlithium-ion batteriesbattery recycling
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
