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《民法典》加工物归属规范适用问题研究

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"充分发挥物的效用原则"与"保护无过错当事人原则"是《民法典》加工物归属规范的重点.相较于简单分析得出适用结果,通过原则具体化为规则作业,详细论证得出结论更符合方法论要求.运用解释方法明确单个原则的核心含义是原则具体化作业的前置阶段."充分发挥物的效用原则"支持由能够获得更大满足一方取得加工物."保护无过错当事人原则"支持由无过错方取得加工物,并赋予其拒绝权.当两个原则发生碰撞时,可以借助碰撞法则与权衡法则化解,其关键是寻找优先条件以确定优先关系.借由两个原则提供的线索,可以区分故意加工与过失加工两种情形进行讨论.在故意加工情形下,"保护无过错当事人原则"具有优先性;在过失加工情形下,"充分发挥物的效用原则"具有优先性,但加工人具有重大过失的除外.
Research on the Application of Attribution Norm of Processed Things in Civil Code
"The principle of giving full play to the utility of things"and"the principle of protecting innocent parties"are at the center of attribution norm of processed things in Civil Code.Compared to deriving applicable results through simple analysis,it is more in line with methodological requirements to conclude by way of concretizing principles into rules,coupled with detailed demonstration.The use of interpretative methods to clarify the core meaning of single principle is a preliminary stage in the process of concretizing principles."The principle of giving full play to the utility of things"supports the acquisition of processed things by the party who can get more satisfaction."The principle of protecting innocent parties"supports the acquisition of processed things by the innocent party and gives it the right of refusal.When the two principles are in collision,they can be resolved by drawing on the law of collision and the law of balance,the key to which is to look for preferential conditions in order to establish a preferential relationship.With the clues provided by the two principles,we can distinguish between intentional processing and negligent processing for discussion.In the case of intentional processing,"the principle of protecting innocent parties"takes precedence;in the case of negligent processing,"the principle of giving full play to the utility of things"takes precedence,unless the processor is grossly negligent.

processed thingsattributionthe utility of thingsinnocent parties

李定坤

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清华大学 法学院,北京 100084

加工物 归属 物的效用 无过错当事人

2024

西南政法大学学报
西南政法大学

西南政法大学学报

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.595
ISSN:1008-4355
年,卷(期):2024.26(6)